PPRP: Predicted Position based routing protocol using Kalman Filter for Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

Abstract

New edition vehicles are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) device which provides the vehicle position in the form of latitude and longitude, this position is used as a location id of the vehicle at time t during routing in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET). The location ids are susceptible to have an error in position due to several factors such as line-of-sight, signal fading and tunnels just for an instance. Thus, Position based routing protocol experiences poor performance. To minimize the effect of position error, this work proposes a Predicted Position Based Routing Protocol (PPRP) for VANET. PPRP predicts the vehicle location based on previous and current location using Kalman Filter (KF) to improve the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), average delay and throughput. Before applying KF into routing its effectiveness is verified and found satisfactory results which advocate KF, to be used in routing. The proposed routing protocol is simulated on NS-3.23 simulator. VANETMOBISIM is used to get the vehicular mobility of 25, 50, 75 and 100 vehicles running on a city road network of 1000 ? 1000 m2 area. The performance of the proposed routing protocol is evaluated and compared with other prediction based routing protocol. Simulation is conducted for 250m and 500m transmission range using Winner-II and Two-ray ground propagation model with IEEE 802.11p standard. � 2017 ACM.